Research Materials
Research Materials series is a monograph series published irregularly.(Japanese) It also contains reports of interdisciplinary researches and the "Science and Technology Research Project".(Japanese, summary in English)
2022
U.S. Economic Security Policy and the International Economic Order under the U.S.-China Conflict
Quantum Information Technologies
- Preface / Summary (PDF: 1,631KB)
- Chapter1 Brief Overview of Quantum Information Technologies (PDF: 1,119KB)
- Chapter2 Trends of Research and Development in Quantum Information Technologies (PDF: 10,913KB)
- Ⅰ Quantum Computer
- Column: Bibliometric Analyses of Research and Development Trends in Quantum Computer Science
- Ⅱ Quantum Simulator
- Ⅲ Quantum Sensing
- Ⅳ Quantum Communication and Network
- Chapter3 Social Implementation / Practical Applications and Impact on Society and Issues (PDF: 4,080KB)
- Ⅰ Prospect and Expected Social Image of Quantum Information Technologies
- Ⅱ Trends of Business Activities in Quantum Information Technologies
- Ⅲ Efforts by User Companies
- Ⅳ Human Resource Development and University Education System
- Ⅴ Qualification System and Human Resource Development
- Ⅵ Trends of Patent Applications
- Chapter4 Examples of Related Policies of Several Countries (PDF: 3,809KB)
- Chapter5 Conclusion (PDF: 976KB)
Technologies for Decarbonized Society and Related Issues
- Ⅰ Overview
- Ⅱ Technologies and Policy Issues
- R&D Policy for Low-Carbon Technologies in the EU and the US (PDF: 849KB)
- Column: Carbon Pricing (PDF: 577KB)
- Carbon Dioxide Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) (PDF: 856KB)
- Trends of Development of Advanced Reactors and Relevant Policies in Foreign Countries (PDF: 1,358KB)
- Hydrogen Technologies and Issues for Their Future Widespread Use (PDF: 928KB)
- Issues of Increased Energy Efficiency of Houses in Japan: Actions by Public and Private Sectors to Increase Energy Efficiency of Houses (PDF: 1,086KB)
- Ⅲ Approaches for Evaluation
- Summary (PDF: 416KB)
- Back Issues of the Science and Technology Project Reports from FY 2010 to FY 2020 (PDF: 695KB)
Comprehensive Security in a Changing International Environment
- Part Ⅰ The Broadening and Deepening of Security
- Part Ⅱ Economic Security
- Supply Chain as National Security Issue: The Risks of U.S.-China Competition and U.S.-Led Economic Partnerships (PDF: 1,082KB)
- Currency Competition and Security Risks in the Digital Era: What Effect Will Borderless Digital Currencies Have? (PDF: 1,225KB)
- Evaluating Public Works: Preparing for 1000-Year Natural Disasters (PDF: 926KB)
- Part Ⅱ Information Security
- U.S. Security Clearances and the Debate in Japan: How Should They Apply to Researchers? (PDF: 1,022KB)
- Regulations and Guidelines for Researchers in the United States to Prevent Technology Leakages (PDF: 1,037KB)
- National Security and Data Security in China;(PDF: 1,171KB)
- Parliamentary Oversight of Intelligence Services in Australia: A Comparison with other Five-Eyes Members (PDF: 963KB)
Genome Editing Technologies: Issues arising on the frontline and future prospects
- Ⅰ Presentations by the Panelists
- Introduction: Issues Arising in the Process of Introduction into Society and Expansion of the Fields of Application of Genome Editing Technologies (PDF: 2,431KB)
- Social Issues of Industrialization of Genome-edited Tomatoes Containing High Amounts of GABA (PDF: 4,586KB)
- Emerging Bioeconomy and Japan at the Crossroads: The Dawn of an Era of“Digital×Bio” (PDF: 4,792KB)
- Issues of Intellectual Property Rights of Genome Editing Technologies (PDF: 3,896KB)
- Issues of Regulations of Genome Editing Technologies (PDF: 9,240KB)
- Ethical Issues of Gene Drive Technologies (PDF: 9,467KB)
- Comments on the panelists' presentations (PDF: 795KB)
- Ⅱ Panel Discussion
- Commentary
2021
U.K. Parliamentary Politics in Times of Crisis
Technologies to Assist Older People and Related Social Issues
- Preface / Summary / Contents (PDF: 1,204KB)
- Chapter 1 Current Status of and Social Requirements for Technologies Assisting the Lives of Older People (PDF: 1,207KB)
- Chapter 2 The Latest Trends in Technologies for Assisting Older People's Lives (PDF: 2,220KB)
- Chapter 3 Legal and Ethical Issues in the Development, Introduction and Popularization of Life Assistive Technologies (PDF: 971KB)
- Chapter 4 Social, Cultural and Policy Issues of Perception of Life Assistive Technologies: The Case of Social Implementation of Nursing Care Robots (PDF: 1,466KB)
- Chapter 5 The Possibility of Living Labs and Structural Challenges in Japan (PDF: 1,371KB)
- Chapter 6 Conclusion and Future Policy Options (PDF: 713KB)
Genome-Editing Technology and Its Impact
- Ⅰ Overview
- Ⅱ Technology and Challenges
- An Overview of Genome Editing Technology and Issues Related to Social Implementation (PDF: 1,218KB)
- Trends in Genome-Edited Crops and Consumer Awareness (PDF: 967KB)
- Clarification of Regulatory Oversight for Products Created with Genome Editing Technology in Japan and an Overview of Related Issues (PDF: 1,139KB)
- Current Issues in the Application of Genome Editing Technology to Medical Care (PDF: 787KB)
- Ⅲ Technology and Society
- Summary (PDF: 487KB)
- Back Issues of the Science and Technology Project Reports from FY 2010 to FY 2019 (PDF: 768KB)
Trends and Issues of Social Media in the Era of Coronavirus
- Ⅰ Presentations by the Panelists
- Social Media as Social Infrastructure in the Era of Coronavirus (PDF: 8,714KB)
- Data Analysis of the Structure of Dissemination of Demagogy (PDF: 4,838KB)
- Background of Demagogy, Flaming, and Discrimination from a Sociopsychological Perspective (PDF: 4,619KB)
- Platforms and Constitutional Points in Question (PDF: 1,407KB)
- Current Status and Issues of Regulations of Social Media (PDF: 4,325KB)
- Ethics of Social Media in the Era of Coronavirus (PDF: 2,369KB)
- Comments on the Panelists' Presentations (PDF: 1,082KB)
- Ⅱ Panel Discussion
- Commentary
Constitutions of the World (11) Sweden, 2nd edition
Challenges Facing Young People in Japan
- Preface / Contents / Afterword (PDF: 1,403KB)
- Overview (PDF: 1,136KB)
- Constitutional Law and Young People: The Human Rights of Minors (PDF: 1,289KB)
- Intergenerational Disparities in the Value of Individual Votes (PDF: 1,807KB)
- Fighting the Sexual Abuse of Children on Social Networking Services: Victims of Indecent Selfies (PDF: 1,336KB)
- Trends in Consumer Education for Young People in Japan (PDF: 1,293KB)
- Trends in Financial Education for Young People in Japan (PDF: 1,339KB)
- Educating the Children of Foreign Residents: When Children Are Not Enrolled in School (PDF: 1,293KB)
- Developing Government Policies to Promote the Employment of Young Adults (PDF: 1,389KB)
- Trends in Outbound Tourism of Young Adults (PDF: 1,464KB)
2020
Current Topics in Employment and Earnings: Labor Market and Evidence-Based Policymaking (EBPM)
Science, Technology and Innovation Policy beyond 2020
- Part 1 International Trends in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (PDF: 1,760KB)
- Ⅰ Brief Review of the Research and Development of Japan with Science and Technology Indicators
- Ⅱ Science, Technology and Innovation Policy of EU
- Ⅲ Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in the UK
- Ⅳ Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in the US
- Ⅴ Approaches to Social Aspects of Science, Technology and Innovation
- Part 2 Transition of the Science and Technology Basic Plan (PDF: 1,185KB)
- Ⅰ First, Second and Third Science and Technology Basic Plans
- Ⅱ Fourth and Fifth Science and Technology Basic Plans
- Part 3 Issues in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (PDF: 1,772KB)
- Ⅰ Mission-Oriented Programs
- Ⅱ Japanese Universities'Stagnated Research Output: Policy Issues
- Ⅲ Bayh-Dole Policies and University-Industry Collaboration: US-Japan Comparison
- Ⅳ Issues in the Promotion of R&D-oriented SMEs and Startups
Trends and Issues of Social Media
- Preface / Contents (PDF: 2,889KB)
- Introduction (PDF: 1,050KB)
- What Is Social Media? (PDF: 1,294KB)
- Interaction between SNS and Law from the Perspective of Freedom of Expression and Democratic Form of Government (PDF: 1,277KB)
- Architecture of Social Media and Freedom of Expression (PDF: 1,201KB)
- Wrongful Use of Personal Information in SNS: The Case of Cambridge Analytica (PDF: 1,263KB)
- Utilization of Social Media in Election Campaigns (PDF: 1,241KB)
- The State of Affairs of “Fake News”/Disinformation and Their Countermeasures (PDF: 1,307KB)
- Media Literacy in the Social Media Age (PDF: 1,210KB)
- Summary (PDF: 1,100KB)
- Back Issues of the Science and Technology Project Reports from FY 2010 to FY 2018 (PDF: 1,088KB)
Evidence-Based Policymaking: Current Status and Issues
- Part Ⅰ The Development of Evidence-Based Policymaking
- Part Ⅱ Case Studies from the Viewpoint of Evidence-Based Policymaking
- 5 Preventive Medicine and Medical Care Expenditure Regulation, and EBPM: Focusing on Specific Health Checkups and Specific Health Guidance (PDF: 824KB)
- 6 Funding National Universities and EBPM: Focusing on Performance-Based Distribution (PDF: 898KB)
- 7 Tax Expenditures and EBPM: Focusing on R&D Tax Incentives (PDF: 929KB)
- 8 Subsidies for SMEs and EBPM: Focusing on Manufacturing Subsidies (PDF: 807KB)
- 9 Promotion of Cashless Settlement and EBPM (PDF: 1,1135KB)
- 10 Wildlife Damage Control and EBPM (PDF: 888KB)
- Glossary (PDF: 528KB)
Fostering future researchers in support of the Science-and-Technology-Oriented-Nation Concept
- Ⅰ Presentations from Panelists
- Opening remarks (PDF: 655KB)
- The subject matter and objectives of this program (PDF: 1,210KB)
- Training junior researchers: What problems must be addressed in the 21st century? (PDF: 2,767KB)
- How researchers see it: Initiatives at the Kyoto University Research Administration (PDF: 3,605KB)
- Training researchers (PDF: 1,412KB)
- A historical perspective on the relationship between government policies for promoting innovation and academic research (PDF: 1,003KB)
- Ⅱ Panel Discussion
- Commentary
2019
Provisions Concerning Armed Forces and Emergency Provisions of U.S., French and German Constitutions
U.S. Foreign Policy and Japan
Infrastructure Maintenance Technology
- Current Conditions (PDF: 4,360KB)
- Ⅰ Overview
- Ⅱ Identification of problems and policy challenges for buildings
- Ⅲ Identification of problems and policy challenges for roads, bridges and tunnels
- Ⅳ Identification of problems and policy challenges for water and sewers
- Ⅴ Identification of problems and policy challenges for land conservation
- Ⅵ Identification of problems and policy challenges for other infrastructure
- Ⅶ Analysis of infrastructure with four major challenge areas
- Countermeasures (PDF: 2,938KB)
- Ⅷ Countermeasures
- Ⅸ Restructuring
- Ⅹ Reducing the whole-life cost
- ⅩⅠ Alternative service provision
- ⅩⅡ Other measures
- ⅩⅢ Analysis of countermeasures with four major challenge areas
- Afterword/Glossary (PDF: 1,273KB)
Current Trends in Biometrics
- Part 1 Trends in Research and Technology by Modality (PDF: 2,039KB)
- Ⅰ What is Biometrics?
- Ⅱ Fingerprint
- Ⅲ DNA
- Ⅳ Iris
- Ⅴ Vein
- Ⅵ Face
- Ⅶ Gait
- Ⅷ Behavioral
- Part 2 Biometrics Trends by Domain (PDF: 1,318KB)
- Ⅰ Expanding Applications
- Ⅱ 1:1 Verification
- Ⅲ 1:N Identification
- Ⅳ Derivative Technologies
- Part 3 Global Trends in Regulatory Policy and Governance (PDF: 1,739KB)
- Ⅰ United States
- Ⅱ United Kingdom
- Ⅲ Australia
- Ⅳ EU
- Ⅴ India
- Ⅵ International Organizations
- Part 4 Domestic Trends and Policy Options (PDF: 1,355KB)
- Ⅰ Biometrics Trends among Public Institutions
- Ⅱ Laws and Regulations
- Ⅲ Social and Ethical Approaches
- Ⅳ Future Policy Options
Forecast and Response to Extreme Weather
- Ⅰ Extreme Weather and Forecasting
- Ⅱ Disaster Prevention
- Ⅲ Recovery and Reconstruction after Disaster
- Summary (PDF: 1,053KB)
- Back Issues: The NDL Research Materials on Science and Technology Projects from FY 2010 to FY 2017 (PDF: 1,108KB)
The United States in the 21st Century
- Preface (PDF: 1,144KB)
- Overview of the Articles (PDF: 1,385KB)
- Introduction: Political and Social Polarization in the United States and the Changing International Order (PDF: 1,551KB)
- I. Domestic Policy
- Unilateral Instruments Advancing the President's Agenda: Focusing on Presidential Directives (PDF: 1,533KB)
- Outline and Effects of the 2017 Tax Reform under the Trump Administration (PDF: 1,507KB)
- Current Manufacturing and International Trade Policies (PDF: 1,603KB)
- Trends in Energy and Climate Change Policies (PDF: 1,632KB)
- Net Neutrality in the United States: Change of Government and Policies (PDF: 1,508KB)
- II. Foreign Policy
- Chronology (PDF: 1,246KB)
- Afterword (PDF: 1,149KB)
Referendum Legislation and Examples around the World, 2019 Edition
2018
Current Situation and Issues of Foreign Workers in the EU with a Focus on Germany
Policy Decisions And Scientific Literacy
- Part 1 Backgrounds, Objectives and Methods (PDF: 714KB)
- 1. Backgrounds of the research
- 2. Objectives and methods of the research
- 3. Structure of the report
- Part 2 Current state of scientific literacy in Japan (PDF: 848KB)
- 1. Improvement of scientific literacy and examples
- 2. Historic development of scientific literacy
- 3. Points to be learned
- Part 3 Overseas cases of policy decision support for science and technology (PDF: 1,122KB)
- 1. Policy decision support by investigation function within legislature
- 2. Policy advice by academia
- 3. Points to be learned
- 4. Implications
- Part 4 Toward policy decisions based on scientific grounds (PDF: 523KB)
- 1. Issues for scientific evidence-based policy-making
- 2. Issues in improving scientific literacy
- Outline of meetings of the investigation committee (PDF: 403KB)
Infrastructure for Data-Driven Society
- Part 1 Trends in data-utilization and handling data (statistics, informatics, etc.) (PDF: 1,996KB)
- Ⅰ Applying data science to science research
- Ⅱ Open science and open data
- Ⅲ Elemental technology for utilizing big-data
- Ⅳ Data utilization in the humanities
- Part 2 The impact on society and economy (PDF: 4,077KB)
- Ⅰ Stimulating the local economy using social big data
- Ⅱ Data utilization in primary and secondary industries
- Ⅲ Data utilization in tertiary industries
- Ⅳ Adapting smart technology to the social infrastructure
- Ⅴ Risk detection and disaster prevention
- Ⅵ Online education and keeping a lifelog of learning
- Ⅶ Virtual currency and society
- Part 3 Current status and issues of infrastructure for data-driven society (PDF: 2,135KB)
- Ⅰ Open science as a catalyst for revolutionizing academic research
- Ⅱ E-research infrastructure as a key to international academic competition in the 21st century
- Ⅲ Human resource development (e.g., data scientists)
- Ⅳ Data science and the law
- Part 4 Future forecast (PDF: 1,173KB)
Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence/Robotics and Work/Employment
- Part 1 Trends in Research and Technology (PDF: 2,311KB)
- Ⅰ Knowledge Processing / Machine Learning
- Ⅱ Natural Language Processing
- Ⅲ Image Acquisition and Recognition
- Ⅳ Speech User Interface
- Ⅴ Human Agent Interaction
- Ⅵ Robotics
- Ⅶ IoT
- Ⅷ Multi-agent System
- Ⅸ Crowdsourcing
- Part 2 AI Trends by Domain (PDF: 4,825KB)
- Ⅰ Healthcare
- Ⅱ Elderly Care
- Ⅲ Art and Design
- Ⅳ Education
- Ⅴ Hospitality
- Ⅵ Transportation / Mobility
- Ⅶ Agriculture
- Ⅷ Security
- Column 1 AI and Military Use Overseas
- Column 2 Japanese Chess (Shogi)
- Part 3 AI and Employment Overseas, and in Development, Utilization and Management of Human Resources (PDF: 1,625KB)
- Ⅰ AI, Robotics and Employment Policy Trends in US
- Ⅱ AI, Robotics and Employment Policy Trends in EU and Germany
- Ⅲ AI and Employment Issues in France
- Ⅳ AI, Robotics, and Labor in the Chinese Workplace
- Ⅴ Technological Innovation and Employment
- Ⅵ Human Resources and Labor Management by ICT and its Regulation: Japan and Overseas
- Ⅶ Development and Recruitment of AI-related Human Resources
Rules of Procedure of the French National Assembly
Trends and Issues of Autonomous Driving Technology
- I Trends of Autonomous Driving Technology
- Potentiality and Social Acceptance of Autonomous Driving Technology (PDF: 786KB)
- Issues Concerning Application of Artificial Intelligence to Autonomous Vehicles (PDF: 848KB)
- (Column 1) Radar and GPS: Technologies for Autonomous Driving Developed in Military Domain (PDF: 497KB)
- Industry Trends related to Autonomous Driving Vehicles (PDF: 773KB)
- (Column 2) Trend of Utilizing of Unmanned Vehicles in Military Applications (PDF: 491KB)
- Standardization, and Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (PDF: 823KB)
- Ⅱ Legal and Social Issues
- Summary (PDF: 348KB)
- Appendix (PDF: 1,025KB)
Value Added Taxes in Foreign Countries（2018)
The European Union at the Crossroads
- Preface (PDF: 452KB)
- Basic Information on the EU（Map） (PDF: 1,377KB)
- Basic Information on the EU（Structure） (PDF: 1,669KB)
- Basic Information on the EU（Treaties） (PDF: 807KB)
- Introduction to the European Union at the Crossroads (PDF: 900KB)
- I. Causes of EU Crisis
- 1. Deepening of the Economic and Monetary Union and Adhering to the Fiscal Discipline: Integration of the Fiscal Compact into the Framework of the EU Law and the Orientation of the Stability and Growth Pact after the Euro Crisis (PDF: 834KB)
- 2. European Responses to the Refugee Crisis: Building the Common European Asylum System and Strengthening the External Borders Administration (PDF: 878KB)
- 3. International Labour Migration in the EU (PDF: 930KB)
- II. Brexit and the Reform of the EU’s System
- III. Policies of the EU
- 1. Military Operations and Civilian Missions outside the EU based on the EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) (PDF: 725KB)
- 2. Development and Problems of the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) (PDF: 883KB)
- 3. Climate Policies in the EU (PDF: 830KB)
- 4. Perspectives and Issues on the European Higher Education Area (PDF: 879KB)
- IV. Japan and the EU
- Afterword (PDF: 964KB)
2017
Family diversity: From European experiences
Transformation of Science and Technology Policies in the Post-Cold War Era
- 1 Transformation of Science and Technology Policies in the Post-Cold War Era
- 2 Impacts on Defense Equipment
- 3 Issues on Dual-Use Technology
- Summary (PDF: 423KB)
- Appendix (PDF: 528KB)
International Trends in Space Policies
- Introduction International Trends in Space Policies and Japan’s Perspectives (PDF: 416KB)
- Part 1 Basics of Space and Space Policies (PDF: 1,328KB)
- Part 2 International Trends
- Part 3 Issues
- Appendix (PDF: 591KB)
- Interviews (PDF: 147KB)
Building a Society of Diversity
- Ⅰ Diversity and Social Inclusion
- Ⅱ Society of Diversity and Discrimination
- Ⅲ Encouraging Social Participation by All People
- Ⅳ Society of Diversity and Growth Strategy
- Afterword (PDF: 711KB)
2016
Arguments on Constitutional Review (Revised Edition)
The functions of parliament in the global era--suggestions for Japanese politics from the EU experiences
Lower House Electoral Systems in Foreign Countries
Frontiers in Life Sciences : Progress and Ethical Issues in Research and Development
- Title Page, Overview and Index (PDF: 439KB)
- Ⅰ Frontiers in Life Sciences: Shift to New Era of Research and Development (PDF: 731KB)
- Ⅱ Global Trends in Life Science Research and Development: Policies and Systems
- Chapter 1 Japan (PDF: 778KB)
- Chapter 2 United States of America (PDF: 865KB)
- Chapter 3 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (PDF: 732KB)
- Chapter 4 Federal Republic of Germany (PDF: 538KB)
- Chapter 5 French Republic (PDF: 492KB)
- Chapter 6 European Union (PDF: 398KB)
- Chapter 7 Other countries and regions (PDF: 477KB)
- Ⅲ Recent Topics in Life Science Research and Development
- Chapter 1 Healthcare Policies and Systems (PDF: 745KB)
- Chapter 2 Bioethics and Regulations (PDF: 620KB)
- Chapter 3 Application of Medical Data (PDF: 890KB)
- Chapter 4 Drug Development and Pharmaceutical Industry (PDF: 530KB)
- Chapter 5 Development of Medical Device and Industry (PDF: 677KB)
- Chapter 6 Cancer Research (PDF: 476KB)
- Chapter 7 Brain Sciences and Neurosciences (PDF: 576KB)
- Chapter 8 Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research (PDF: 534KB)
- Chapter 9 Genomic Medicine (PDF: 574KB)
- Ⅳ Discussions on Life Science Research and Development, and Bioethics
- Chapter 1 Urgent Necessity of Innovation in Genomic Medicine (PDF: 772KB)
- Chapter 2 How Has Japan Developed Life Sciences in the Framework of the Science,Technology, and Innovation Policy and S ystem?:A Comparison with Selected Countries and Implications (PDF: 678KB)
- Chapter 3 Towards Prevention and C ure: Potentials of Japan (PDF: 516KB)
- Chapter 4 New Regulatory Approaches to Promote Innovative Life Sciences (PDF: 546KB)
- Chapter 5 Origin and Development of Biobanking:Infrastructure of Medical Research as Biology of Human Subjects (PDF: 645KB)
- Appendix Research Committee and Interviews with Experts (PDF: 287KB)
Aspects in Life Sciences
- Title Page, Overview and Index (PDF: 1,362KB)
- Preface (PDF: 1,434KB)
- Introduction (PDF: 1,636KB)
- Ⅰ Bioethics
- Ⅱ Health Policy
- Ⅲ Disease
- Ⅳ Industry and Research Infrastructure