Research Materials
Research Materials series is a monograph series published irregularly.(Japanese) It also contains reports of interdisciplinary researches and the "Science and Technology Research Project".(Japanese, summary in English)
2020
Current Topics in Employment and Earnings: Labor Market and Evidence-Based Policymaking (EBPM)
Science, Technology and Innovation Policy beyond 2020
- Part 1 International Trends in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (PDF: 1,760KB)
- Ⅰ Brief Review of the Research and Development of Japan with Science and Technology Indicators
- Ⅱ Science, Technology and Innovation Policy of EU
- Ⅲ Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in the UK
- Ⅳ Science, Technology and Innovation Policy in the US
- Ⅴ Approaches to Social Aspects of Science, Technology and Innovation
- Part 2 Transition of the Science and Technology Basic Plan (PDF: 1,185KB)
- Ⅰ First, Second and Third Science and Technology Basic Plans
- Ⅱ Fourth and Fifth Science and Technology Basic Plans
- Part 3 Issues in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (PDF: 1,772KB)
- Ⅰ Mission-Oriented Programs
- Ⅱ Japanese Universities'Stagnated Research Output: Policy Issues
- Ⅲ Bayh-Dole Policies and University-Industry Collaboration: US-Japan Comparison
- Ⅳ Issues in the Promotion of R&D-oriented SMEs and Startups
Trends and Issues of Social Media
- Preface / Contents (PDF: 2,889KB)
- Introduction (PDF: 1,050KB)
- What Is Social Media? (PDF: 1,294KB)
- Interaction between SNS and Law from the Perspective of Freedom of Expression and Democratic Form of Government (PDF: 1,277KB)
- Architecture of Social Media and Freedom of Expression (PDF: 1,201KB)
- Wrongful Use of Personal Information in SNS: The Case of Cambridge Analytica (PDF: 1,263KB)
- Utilization of Social Media in Election Campaigns (PDF: 1,241KB)
- The State of Affairs of “Fake News”/Disinformation and Their Countermeasures (PDF: 1,307KB)
- Media Literacy in the Social Media Age (PDF: 1,210KB)
- Summary (PDF: 1,100KB)
- Back Issues of the Science and Technology Project Reports from FY 2010 to FY 2018 (PDF: 1,088KB)
Evidence-Based Policymaking: Current Status and Issues
- Part Ⅰ The Development of Evidence-Based Policymaking
- Part Ⅱ Case Studies from the Viewpoint of Evidence-Based Policymaking
- 5 Preventive Medicine and Medical Care Expenditure Regulation, and EBPM: Focusing on Specific Health Checkups and Specific Health Guidance (PDF: 824KB)
- 6 Funding National Universities and EBPM: Focusing on Performance-Based Distribution (PDF: 898KB)
- 7 Tax Expenditures and EBPM: Focusing on R&D Tax Incentives (PDF: 929KB)
- 8 Subsidies for SMEs and EBPM: Focusing on Manufacturing Subsidies (PDF: 807KB)
- 9 Promotion of Cashless Settlement and EBPM (PDF: 1,1135KB)
- 10 Wildlife Damage Control and EBPM (PDF: 888KB)
- Glossary (PDF: 528KB)
Fostering future researchers in support of the Science-and-Technology-Oriented-Nation Concept
- Ⅰ Presentations from Panelists
- Opening remarks (PDF: 655KB)
- The subject matter and objectives of this program (PDF: 1,210KB)
- Training junior researchers: What problems must be addressed in the 21st century? (PDF: 2,767KB)
- How researchers see it: Initiatives at the Kyoto University Research Administration (PDF: 3,605KB)
- Training researchers (PDF: 1,412KB)
- A historical perspective on the relationship between government policies for promoting innovation and academic research (PDF: 1,003KB)
- Ⅱ Panel Discussion
- Commentary
2019
Provisions Concerning Armed Forces and Emergency Provisions of U.S., French and German Constitutions
U.S. Foreign Policy and Japan
Infrastructure Maintenance Technology
- Current Conditions (PDF: 4,360KB)
- Ⅰ Overview
- Ⅱ Identification of problems and policy challenges for buildings
- Ⅲ Identification of problems and policy challenges for roads, bridges and tunnels
- Ⅳ Identification of problems and policy challenges for water and sewers
- Ⅴ Identification of problems and policy challenges for land conservation
- Ⅵ Identification of problems and policy challenges for other infrastructure
- Ⅶ Analysis of infrastructure with four major challenge areas
- Countermeasures (PDF: 2,938KB)
- Ⅷ Countermeasures
- Ⅸ Restructuring
- Ⅹ Reducing the whole-life cost
- ⅩⅠ Alternative service provision
- ⅩⅡ Other measures
- ⅩⅢ Analysis of countermeasures with four major challenge areas
- Afterword/Glossary (PDF: 1,273KB)
Current Trends in Biometrics
- Part 1 Trends in Research and Technology by Modality (PDF: 2,039KB)
- Ⅰ What is Biometrics?
- Ⅱ Fingerprint
- Ⅲ DNA
- Ⅳ Iris
- Ⅴ Vein
- Ⅵ Face
- Ⅶ Gait
- Ⅷ Behavioral
- Part 2 Biometrics Trends by Domain (PDF: 1,318KB)
- Ⅰ Expanding Applications
- Ⅱ 1:1 Verification
- Ⅲ 1:N Identification
- Ⅳ Derivative Technologies
- Part 3 Global Trends in Regulatory Policy and Governance (PDF: 1,739KB)
- Ⅰ United States
- Ⅱ United Kingdom
- Ⅲ Australia
- Ⅳ EU
- Ⅴ India
- Ⅵ International Organizations
- Part 4 Domestic Trends and Policy Options (PDF: 1,355KB)
- Ⅰ Biometrics Trends among Public Institutions
- Ⅱ Laws and Regulations
- Ⅲ Social and Ethical Approaches
- Ⅳ Future Policy Options
Forecast and Response to Extreme Weather
- Ⅰ Extreme Weather and Forecasting
- Ⅱ Disaster Prevention
- Ⅲ Recovery and Reconstruction after Disaster
- Summary (PDF: 1,053KB)
- Back Issues: The NDL Research Materials on Science and Technology Projects from FY 2010 to FY 2017 (PDF: 1,108KB)
The United States in the 21st Century
- Preface (PDF: 1,144KB)
- Overview of the Articles (PDF: 1,385KB)
- Introduction: Political and Social Polarization in the United States and the Changing International Order (PDF: 1,551KB)
- I. Domestic Policy
- Unilateral Instruments Advancing the President's Agenda: Focusing on Presidential Directives (PDF: 1,533KB)
- Outline and Effects of the 2017 Tax Reform under the Trump Administration (PDF: 1,507KB)
- Current Manufacturing and International Trade Policies (PDF: 1,603KB)
- Trends in Energy and Climate Change Policies (PDF: 1,632KB)
- Net Neutrality in the United States: Change of Government and Policies (PDF: 1,508KB)
- II. Foreign Policy
- Chronology (PDF: 1,246KB)
- Afterword (PDF: 1,149KB)
Referendum Legislation and Examples around the World, 2019 Edition
2018
Current Situation and Issues of Foreign Workers in the EU with a Focus on Germany
Policy Decisions And Scientific Literacy
- Part 1 Backgrounds, Objectives and Methods (PDF: 714KB)
- 1. Backgrounds of the research
- 2. Objectives and methods of the research
- 3. Structure of the report
- Part 2 Current state of scientific literacy in Japan (PDF: 848KB)
- 1. Improvement of scientific literacy and examples
- 2. Historic development of scientific literacy
- 3. Points to be learned
- Part 3 Overseas cases of policy decision support for science and technology (PDF: 1,122KB)
- 1. Policy decision support by investigation function within legislature
- 2. Policy advice by academia
- 3. Points to be learned
- 4. Implications
- Part 4 Toward policy decisions based on scientific grounds (PDF: 523KB)
- 1. Issues for scientific evidence-based policy-making
- 2. Issues in improving scientific literacy
- Outline of meetings of the investigation committee (PDF: 403KB)
Infrastructure for Data-Driven Society
- Part 1 Trends in data-utilization and handling data (statistics, informatics, etc.) (PDF: 1,996KB)
- Ⅰ Applying data science to science research
- Ⅱ Open science and open data
- Ⅲ Elemental technology for utilizing big-data
- Ⅳ Data utilization in the humanities
- Part 2 The impact on society and economy (PDF: 4,077KB)
- Ⅰ Stimulating the local economy using social big data
- Ⅱ Data utilization in primary and secondary industries
- Ⅲ Data utilization in tertiary industries
- Ⅳ Adapting smart technology to the social infrastructure
- Ⅴ Risk detection and disaster prevention
- Ⅵ Online education and keeping a lifelog of learning
- Ⅶ Virtual currency and society
- Part 3 Current status and issues of infrastructure for data-driven society (PDF: 2,135KB)
- Ⅰ Open science as a catalyst for revolutionizing academic research
- Ⅱ E-research infrastructure as a key to international academic competition in the 21st century
- Ⅲ Human resource development (e.g., data scientists)
- Ⅳ Data science and the law
- Part 4 Future forecast (PDF: 1,173KB)
Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence/Robotics and Work/Employment
- Part 1 Trends in Research and Technology (PDF: 2,311KB)
- Ⅰ Knowledge Processing / Machine Learning
- Ⅱ Natural Language Processing
- Ⅲ Image Acquisition and Recognition
- Ⅳ Speech User Interface
- Ⅴ Human Agent Interaction
- Ⅵ Robotics
- Ⅶ IoT
- Ⅷ Multi-agent System
- Ⅸ Crowdsourcing
- Part 2 AI Trends by Domain (PDF: 4,825KB)
- Ⅰ Healthcare
- Ⅱ Elderly Care
- Ⅲ Art and Design
- Ⅳ Education
- Ⅴ Hospitality
- Ⅵ Transportation / Mobility
- Ⅶ Agriculture
- Ⅷ Security
- Column 1 AI and Military Use Overseas
- Column 2 Japanese Chess (Shogi)
- Part 3 AI and Employment Overseas, and in Development, Utilization and Management of Human Resources (PDF: 1,625KB)
- Ⅰ AI, Robotics and Employment Policy Trends in US
- Ⅱ AI, Robotics and Employment Policy Trends in EU and Germany
- Ⅲ AI and Employment Issues in France
- Ⅳ AI, Robotics, and Labor in the Chinese Workplace
- Ⅴ Technological Innovation and Employment
- Ⅵ Human Resources and Labor Management by ICT and its Regulation: Japan and Overseas
- Ⅶ Development and Recruitment of AI-related Human Resources
Rules of Procedure of the French National Assembly
Trends and Issues of Autonomous Driving Technology
- I Trends of Autonomous Driving Technology
- Potentiality and Social Acceptance of Autonomous Driving Technology (PDF: 786KB)
- Issues Concerning Application of Artificial Intelligence to Autonomous Vehicles (PDF: 848KB)
- (Column 1) Radar and GPS: Technologies for Autonomous Driving Developed in Military Domain (PDF: 497KB)
- Industry Trends related to Autonomous Driving Vehicles (PDF: 773KB)
- (Column 2) Trend of Utilizing of Unmanned Vehicles in Military Applications (PDF: 491KB)
- Standardization, and Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (PDF: 823KB)
- Ⅱ Legal and Social Issues
- Summary (PDF: 348KB)
- Appendix (PDF: 1,025KB)
Value Added Taxes in Foreign Countries（2018)
The European Union at the Crossroads
- Preface (PDF: 452KB)
- Basic Information on the EU（Map） (PDF: 1,377KB)
- Basic Information on the EU（Structure） (PDF: 1,669KB)
- Basic Information on the EU（Treaties） (PDF: 807KB)
- Introduction to the European Union at the Crossroads (PDF: 900KB)
- I. Causes of EU Crisis
- 1. Deepening of the Economic and Monetary Union and Adhering to the Fiscal Discipline: Integration of the Fiscal Compact into the Framework of the EU Law and the Orientation of the Stability and Growth Pact after the Euro Crisis (PDF: 834KB)
- 2. European Responses to the Refugee Crisis: Building the Common European Asylum System and Strengthening the External Borders Administration (PDF: 878KB)
- 3. International Labour Migration in the EU (PDF: 930KB)
- II. Brexit and the Reform of the EU’s System
- III. Policies of the EU
- 1. Military Operations and Civilian Missions outside the EU based on the EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) (PDF: 725KB)
- 2. Development and Problems of the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) (PDF: 883KB)
- 3. Climate Policies in the EU (PDF: 830KB)
- 4. Perspectives and Issues on the European Higher Education Area (PDF: 879KB)
- IV. Japan and the EU
- Afterword (PDF: 964KB)
2017
Family diversity: From European experiences
Transformation of Science and Technology Policies in the Post-Cold War Era
- 1 Transformation of Science and Technology Policies in the Post-Cold War Era
- 2 Impacts on Defense Equipment
- 3 Issues on Dual-Use Technology
- Summary (PDF: 423KB)
- Appendix (PDF: 528KB)
International Trends in Space Policies
- Introduction International Trends in Space Policies and Japan’s Perspectives (PDF: 416KB)
- Part 1 Basics of Space and Space Policies (PDF: 1,328KB)
- Part 2 International Trends
- Part 3 Issues
- Appendix (PDF: 591KB)
- Interviews (PDF: 147KB)
Building a Society of Diversity
- Ⅰ Diversity and Social Inclusion
- Ⅱ Society of Diversity and Discrimination
- Ⅲ Encouraging Social Participation by All People
- Ⅳ Society of Diversity and Growth Strategy
- Afterword (PDF: 711KB)
2016
Arguments on Constitutional Review (Revised Edition)
The functions of parliament in the global era--suggestions for Japanese politics from the EU experiences
Lower House Electoral Systems in Foreign Countries
Frontiers in Life Sciences : Progress and Ethical Issues in Research and Development
- Title Page, Overview and Index (PDF: 439KB)
- Ⅰ Frontiers in Life Sciences: Shift to New Era of Research and Development (PDF: 731KB)
- Ⅱ Global Trends in Life Science Research and Development: Policies and Systems
- Chapter 1 Japan (PDF: 778KB)
- Chapter 2 United States of America (PDF: 865KB)
- Chapter 3 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (PDF: 732KB)
- Chapter 4 Federal Republic of Germany (PDF: 538KB)
- Chapter 5 French Republic (PDF: 492KB)
- Chapter 6 European Union (PDF: 398KB)
- Chapter 7 Other countries and regions (PDF: 477KB)
- Ⅲ Recent Topics in Life Science Research and Development
- Chapter 1 Healthcare Policies and Systems (PDF: 745KB)
- Chapter 2 Bioethics and Regulations (PDF: 620KB)
- Chapter 3 Application of Medical Data (PDF: 890KB)
- Chapter 4 Drug Development and Pharmaceutical Industry (PDF: 530KB)
- Chapter 5 Development of Medical Device and Industry (PDF: 677KB)
- Chapter 6 Cancer Research (PDF: 476KB)
- Chapter 7 Brain Sciences and Neurosciences (PDF: 576KB)
- Chapter 8 Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research (PDF: 534KB)
- Chapter 9 Genomic Medicine (PDF: 574KB)
- Ⅳ Discussions on Life Science Research and Development, and Bioethics
- Chapter 1 Urgent Necessity of Innovation in Genomic Medicine (PDF: 772KB)
- Chapter 2 How Has Japan Developed Life Sciences in the Framework of the Science,Technology, and Innovation Policy and S ystem?:A Comparison with Selected Countries and Implications (PDF: 678KB)
- Chapter 3 Towards Prevention and C ure: Potentials of Japan (PDF: 516KB)
- Chapter 4 New Regulatory Approaches to Promote Innovative Life Sciences (PDF: 546KB)
- Chapter 5 Origin and Development of Biobanking:Infrastructure of Medical Research as Biology of Human Subjects (PDF: 645KB)
- Appendix Research Committee and Interviews with Experts (PDF: 287KB)
Aspects in Life Sciences
- Title Page, Overview and Index (PDF: 1,362KB)
- Preface (PDF: 1,434KB)
- Introduction (PDF: 1,636KB)
- Ⅰ Bioethics
- Ⅱ Health Policy
- Ⅲ Disease
- Ⅳ Industry and Research Infrastructure